Mediterranean Seabirds Are Carrying Shocking Amounts of Plastic in Their Stomachs – The Silent Plastic Crisis at Sea

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The Mediterranean Sea is one of the most beautiful and biodiverse marine regions on Earth, yet it is also one of the most polluted. A growing body of scientific research now reveals a heartbreaking truth: many iconic Mediterranean seabirds are literally full of plastic.



How Much Plastic Are We Talking About?

Recent necropsies performed on seabirds found dead or accidentally caught in the Mediterranean show terrifying results:

  • Cory’s Shearwaters – up to 84% of examined individuals had plastic in their stomachs. Some carried more than 8 grams of plastic.
  • Balearic Shearwaters (critically endangered) – 70–90% affected.
  • Northern Gannets, Yelkouan Shearwaters, Scopoli’s Shearwaters and Mediterranean Shags also regularly contain plastic debris.

A 2023 meta-analysis published in Marine Pollution Bulletin examined 1,128 seabirds from nine species across five countries. Over 65% had ingested plastic, with an average of 9–12 pieces per affected bird.

Why Do Seabirds Eat Plastic?

  • Brightly colored plastic resembles fish eggs or squid
  • Plastic quickly develops a smell of algae (DMS) that birds associate with food
  • Many species feed far offshore in areas now covered by floating plastic

Most Affected Species (2024 data)

  1. Balearic Shearwater (CR) – 90% affected
  2. Yelkouan Shearwater (VU) – 75–85%
  3. Cory’s Shearwater – 70–84%
  4. Scopoli’s Shearwater – 60–75%

Deadly Consequences

Plastic causes blockage, false feeling of fullness, internal injuries, and transfers toxic chemicals (PCBs, DDT, flame retardants). Birds with heavy plastic loads have significantly lower body mass and poorer chick survival rates.

Why the Mediterranean Is a Plastic Trap

Semi-enclosed sea + gyres + 80% land-based waste = one of the highest microplastic concentrations on the planet (up to 1.25 million fragments/km²).

What Can You Do Today?

  • Refuse single-use plastics
  • Join or organize beach clean-ups
  • Support stricter plastic regulations
  • Share this article – awareness is the first step!

When a majestic Cory’s Shearwater has a stomach full of bottle caps instead of fish, something is deeply wrong. Seabirds are the sentinels of ocean health. Let’s act before it’s too late.

Sources & Scientific References:

  • Pham et al. (2023). Plastic ingestion by seabirds in the Mediterranean. Marine Pollution Bulletin 187:114545
  • Rodríguez et al. (2022). High plastic loads in critically endangered Balearic shearwaters. Environmental Pollution
  • UNEP/MAP (2023). State of Marine Litter in the Mediterranean
  • IUCN Red List – Balearic Shearwater (Critically Endangered)

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